513 10 5757 https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/5f7cf54524b5845d97cb1d5b9dc3eec1.jpg ca952482d3aa09453202a7828fa9086c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Father Raymond Roseliep Postcard Collection Subject The topic of the resource postcards Roseliep, Raymond Santa Claus Description An account of the resource A collection of postcards with Christmas related themes collected by Raymond Roseliep. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Raymond Roseliep Loras College Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Raymond Roseliep Collection. Finding aids for the collection can be found at <a title="Roseliep Finding Aids" href="http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Loras College Library rights statement is located at <a title="Rights Statement" href="%20http%3A//libguides.loras.edu/special/rights" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://libguides.loras.edu/special/rights</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 14 x 9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Seated Santa Claus Plays with Children Subject The topic of the resource Roseliep Christmas Postcard Collection Roseliep, Raymond Christmas Postcards Santa Claus Description An account of the resource Santa Claus in his red coat and hat is seated in a blue armchair. On his lap are two girls, one in blue and one in pink. Behind the chair is a lighted and decorated Christmas tree, and scattered on the ground are toys- including a ball and teddy bear. "Best Wishes for Christmas" is printed in the lower portion of the card by a sprig of holly. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Raymond Roseliep Collection. Finding aids for the collection can be found at <a href="http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep"> http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date postcard was scanned: 20170419 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bernhard, Hannah Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Loras College Library rights statement is located at <a href="http://libguides.loras.edu/special/rights">http://libguides.loras.edu/special/rights</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RoseliepPostcards_303_057 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Box 3, Tab 3 girls Santa Claus toys tree https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/b08b5d7bde8555d3babbd6dda3e9bcae.jpg 447e104793cae63be7212ba3f47caec7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Father Raymond Roseliep Postcard Collection Subject The topic of the resource postcards Roseliep, Raymond Santa Claus Description An account of the resource A collection of postcards with Christmas related themes collected by Raymond Roseliep. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Raymond Roseliep Loras College Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Raymond Roseliep Collection. Finding aids for the collection can be found at <a title="Roseliep Finding Aids" href="http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Loras College Library rights statement is located at <a title="Rights Statement" href="%20http%3A//libguides.loras.edu/special/rights" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://libguides.loras.edu/special/rights</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 9x14 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Semana Santa in Seville Postcard Subject The topic of the resource Roseliep Christmas Postcard Collection Roseliep, Raymond Christmas Postcards Description An account of the resource This postcard is oriented vertically and is in black and white. In the center is a figure standing and holding a scepter with a special woven banner hanging from the top of it. The figure wears a black, tall, and pointed hat that completely covers their face and neck. They wear a simple white, long-sleeved robe with a robe of black buttons from top to bottom down the center. Over their shoulders is a black cape which, like the robe, falls nearly to the floor. They wear black shoes and a black long bib over their front. The figure's hands are covered by black gloves and with their left hand they touch near their chin. Their right hand holds the scepter. On the woven banner are the capitalized letters, "SPQR," surrounded by decorative flourishes. At the very bottom center of the card in simple print it reads, "Un Nazareno--Semana Santa en Sevilla." Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Raymond Roseliep Collection. Finding aids for the collection can be found at <a href="http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep"> http://libguides.loras.edu/special/roseliep</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Date postcard was scanned: 20151107 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hahn, Sara Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Loras College Library rights statement is located at <a href="http://libguides.loras.edu/special/rights">http://libguides.loras.edu/special/rights</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RoseliepPostcards_018 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Box 1, Tab 17 Black Hat Semana Santa Sevilla Seville https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/d3579bea83864766c98f70b865e2cfde.jpg aec5612f632747c4dcb92a9440c1afcd https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/4fb35c257bb724268487c9b435d23b59.jpg b7ac7de3f343fa63ca1b18df8da9d4a2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lorian Newspapers: Selected Scans from 1950 - 1960 Description An account of the resource Selected scans from Loras College Lorian student newspapers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 1950 - May 1960 Subject The topic of the resource Student newspapers and periodicals Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg scans Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-SA Language A language of the resource English Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Caroline Handley Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Loras College Lorian student newspaper collection Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper (bound volume) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Senator to Speak at Commencement Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lorian staff Description An account of the resource A full page from the Loras College student newspaper, the Lorian, regarding Senator John F. Kennedy's 1956 commencement speech at the College. The page includes a photograph of Kennedy. It also includes other various news articles and photographs of others. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956 May 16 Subject The topic of the resource student newspapers and periodicals, John F. Kennedy, 1917-1963 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG file scanned with An Epson 12000XL Scanner at 300 ppi / 24 bit from physical copy. Cropped. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-SA Language A language of the resource English Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Loras College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Caroline Handley Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 2022 July 28 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. The Lorian Vol. XXXI, no. 14 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 1950s 1956 campus events college students commencement JFK John F. Kennedy Loras College newspaper student newspapers and periodicals https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/87319de9c2a3cd2f133eeeaf54e36c0a.jpg 63cf2567f5e20eedfb77e77e4c8dc7f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lorian Newspapers: Selected Scans from 1950 - 1960 Description An account of the resource Selected scans from Loras College Lorian student newspapers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 1950 - May 1960 Subject The topic of the resource Student newspapers and periodicals Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource .jpg scans Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-SA Language A language of the resource English Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Caroline Handley Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Loras College Lorian student newspaper collection Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper (bound volume) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Senior Skip Day Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lorian staff Description An account of the resource A newspaper clipping from the Loras College student newspaper, the Lorian, regarding the annual senior "skip day" picnic at Loras College. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1955 May 24 Subject The topic of the resource student newspapers and periodicals, college students Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG file scanned with an Epson 12000XL Scanner at 300 ppi / 24 bit from physical copy. Cropped. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-SA Language A language of the resource English Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Loras College Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Caroline Handley Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 2022 July 28 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. The Lorian Vol. XXX, no. 14 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 1950s 1955 campus events college students Loras College newspaper picnic student life student newspapers and periodicals https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/1291a94c66b6424626e75a9621f93b62.JPG 7bbdf00bbcb4e06015c8d43692b11605 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/ff5d28de6a20c7793e843c95d9077200.JPG a02db3734768883c2935da7711d7afc3 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Septimius Severus 1 Subject The topic of the resource Septimius Severus Description An account of the resource Inscription o- CE CEOVHPOC r- Description o- laureate bust to right r- 3 heads of wheat Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Loras College Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9-20-11 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Loras College Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Bronze 23 mm Language A language of the resource Greek Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 000036 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Roman Empire 193-211 AD https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/63f9891351680d75bac92066c3ac7d76.JPG 480668146906bc5a6c77544677d7545c Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/b3d92437992b729ea29c2ff9f1db4ec2.JPG e8f6a7b16e52b76c215370ff11b2f9ea Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Septimius Severus 2 Subject The topic of the resource Septimius Severus Description An account of the resource Inscription o- AVTKAIΛCEΠTIMCE r- CERACIEPA Description o- draped laureate bust to right r- Zeus seated left Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Loras College Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9-20-11 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Loras College Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Bronze 27 mm Language A language of the resource Greek Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 000037 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Roman Empire 193-211 AD https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/74a64e9ec20384894e8890c1ef17bf9f.JPG 07e959f059bb194039273d3940ee66a0 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/e1c7f2c6dc3bd3a414f376fdd9ba3fd6.JPG 10675f61f550fdf5652a0bcd67ee32a5 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Septimius Severus 3 Subject The topic of the resource Julia Domna, Septimius Severus' wife Description An account of the resource Inscription o- IOYΛ CEBCTH r- Description o- bust to right r- figure standing to left, eagle in right hand, staff in left hand Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Loras College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9-20-11 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Loras College Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Bronze 22 mm Language A language of the resource Greek Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 000038 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Roman Empire 193-211 https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/fb9be456b5e5dfc77500caa94dc0e4ff.jpg cf98e0ce142ed6002d9fed86b77849f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Loras College Photographic Negative Collection: Selected Scans Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949 - 1958 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1949 - 1954 Photographic Negatives 1957 - 1958 A - L Photographic Negatives Pre 1958 Photographic Negatives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available This record is part of the Loras College Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Erika Alfieri Type The nature or genre of the resource Still images Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. 1949 - 1954 Photographic Negatives 1957 - 1958 A - L Photographic Negatives Pre 1958 Photographic Negatives Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Dublin Core Standards Image A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Severely Damaged 4 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Description An account of the resource Two nurses in surgical scrubs. They are wearing gloves and handling surgical implements on a table covered in a cloth. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949 - 1954 Subject The topic of the resource College students, Nurse Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital image captured with an Epson 12000XL scanner. TIFF file created from a negative scanned in 24 bit color at 600 ppi. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-SA Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Erika Alfieri Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 2022 July 28 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. 1949 - 1954 Photographic Negatives Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 1949 1950 1950s 1951 1952 1953 1954 college students Loras College medical Mercy Hospital nurse nursing https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/b67ac74b09e027b1239639ab65aec49d.jpg a433df2471dee5288d393fdc0b85a1b2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Loras College Photographic Negative Collection: Selected Scans Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949 - 1958 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1949 - 1954 Photographic Negatives 1957 - 1958 A - L Photographic Negatives Pre 1958 Photographic Negatives Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Contact The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 or call (563) 588-7100 © LORAS COLLEGE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available This record is part of the Loras College Photograph Collection held by The Center for Dubuque History at Loras College, Dubuque, Iowa. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Erika Alfieri Type The nature or genre of the resource Still images Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. 1949 - 1954 Photographic Negatives 1957 - 1958 A - L Photographic Negatives Pre 1958 Photographic Negatives Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Dublin Core Standards Image A visual representation other than text. Examples include images and photographs of physical objects, paintings, prints, drawings, other images and graphics, animations and moving pictures, film, diagrams, maps, musical notation. Note that Image may include both electronic and physical representations. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Severely Damaged 5 Description An account of the resource Two nurses in surgical scrubs. They are wearing gloves and handling surgical implements on a table covered in a cloth. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1949 - 1954 Subject The topic of the resource College students, Nurse Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital image captured with an Epson 12000XL scanner. TIFF file created from a negative scanned in 24 bit color at 600 ppi. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-NC-SA Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Erika Alfieri Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 2022 July 28 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. 1949 - 1954 Photographic Negatives Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Center for Dubuque History, Loras College, 1450 Alta Vista Street, Dubuque, Iowa 52001 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown 1949 1950 1950s 1951 1952 1953 1954 college students Loras College medical Mercy Hospital nurse nursing https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/0b0e2c43275545305d3020598d134550.JPG 084ed23aaaf64225bc4279ebff4da443 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 https://digitalcollections.loras.edu/files/original/ee75972a7cd3df21881a4bdad8a74150.JPG 8952c96ff6373935b3267ba162fbd38e Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 1704 Width 2272 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Severus Alexander 1 Subject The topic of the resource Severus Alexander Description An account of the resource Inscription o- r- SC Description o- bust to right r- figure standing Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Loras College Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 10-17-11 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Loras College Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Bronze 26 mm Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 000070 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Roman Empire 222-235 AD